خودروی هیدروژنی چیست و چگونه کار می کند؟
خودرو هیدروژنی (انگلیسی: Hydrogen vehicle) به وسایل نقلیه ای اطلاق میشود که از هیدروژن به عنوان سوخت مصرفی برای تولید نیروی محرکه موتور استفاده میکند.موتورهای هیدروژنی در وسایل پرتاب راکتهای فضایی، خودروها و سایر وسایل نقلیه مورد استفاده قرار میگیرند.
موتور خودروهایی هیدروژنی انرژی شیمیایی هیدروژن را به انرژی مکانیکی تبدیل کرده یا با سوزاندن هیدروژن در یک موتور درونسوز این نیرو را تأمین مینمایند. گونه ای دیگر از موتورهای هیدروژنی نیز از طریق واکنش هیدروژن با اکسیژن در یک سلول سوخت، نیروی مورد نیاز موتورهای الکتریکی را تأمین میکند. استفاده گسترده از هیدروژن برای سوخت رسانی در حمل و نقل، بعنوان یکی از عناصر کلیدی در اقتصاد هیدروژن بشمار میآید.
A hydrogen vehicle is a vehicle that uses hydrogen fuel for motive power. Hydrogen vehicles include hydrogen-fueled space rockets, as well as automobiles and other transportation vehicles. The power plants of such vehicles convert the chemical energy of hydrogen to mechanical energy either by burning hydrogen in an internal combustion engine, or, more commonly, by reacting hydrogen with oxygen in a fuel cell to power electric motors. Widespread use of hydrogen for fueling transportation is a key element of a proposed hydrogen economy.
As of 2019, there are three models of hydrogen cars publicly available in select markets: the Toyota Mirai, the world"s first mass produced dedicated fuel cell electric vehicle, the Hyundai Nexo, and the Honda Clarity. Several other companies are working to develop hydrogen cars.
As of 2019, 98% of hydrogen is produced by steam methane reforming, which emits carbon dioxide. It can be produced by thermochemical or pyrolytic means using renewable feedstocks, but the processes are currently expensive. Various technologies are being developed that aim to deliver costs low enough, and quantities great enough, to compete with hydrogen production using natural gas. The drawbacks of hydrogen use are high carbon emissions intensity when produced from natural gas, capital cost burden, low energy content per unit volume at ambient conditions, production and compression of hydrogen, the investment required in filling stations to dispense hydrogen, transportation of hydrogen to filling stations and lack of ability to produce or dispense hydrogen at home.
As of 2019, there are three models of hydrogen cars publicly available in select markets: the Toyota Mirai, the world"s first mass produced dedicated fuel cell electric vehicle, the Hyundai Nexo, and the Honda Clarity. Several other companies are working to develop hydrogen cars.
As of 2019, 98% of hydrogen is produced by steam methane reforming, which emits carbon dioxide. It can be produced by thermochemical or pyrolytic means using renewable feedstocks, but the processes are currently expensive. Various technologies are being developed that aim to deliver costs low enough, and quantities great enough, to compete with hydrogen production using natural gas. The drawbacks of hydrogen use are high carbon emissions intensity when produced from natural gas, capital cost burden, low energy content per unit volume at ambient conditions, production and compression of hydrogen, the investment required in filling stations to dispense hydrogen, transportation of hydrogen to filling stations and lack of ability to produce or dispense hydrogen at home.
منبع : wikipedia.org | image : ABC